Juno Perusina, or Juno of Perusia, is a form of the great Roman Goddess Juno as patron Deity of the city of Perusia (modern Perugia). Perusia was one of the twelve cities of the Etruscan Federation, and was known for being a wealthy city since ancient times. It had come under Roman rule in the 4th century BCE, and was some 80 miles up the Tiber from Rome. As it was an Etruscan city, this Juno should probably more properly be called Uni, the Etruscan form of the name of the Mother Goddess.

Around 40 BCE, Octavian, the future Emperor Augustus, beseiged Perusia in an attempt to quell a revolt started by Lucius Antonius, the brother of Marcus Antonius (a.k.a. Mark Antony, which I suppose makes his brother Luke Antony), with whom Octavian had a love-hate relationship. (If you've ever seen an early likeness of Octavian, you know he was a weaselly-looking scrawny little sickly guy when he was young; when Julius Caesar named Octavian his heir, Antony just couldn't take it seriously. So Antony and Octavian fought a battle at Mutina [Antony lost]; they were then reconciled; then the two of them, along with one Marcus Lepidus formed the Second Triumvirate and tried to rule Rome as a three-way; that didn't work, and Lepidus was relegated to the status of a Pete Best; Antony and Octavian again quarreled; Lucius started his rebellion; Octavian crushed it; and again made up with Mark Antony, by offering his sister Octavia in marriage to him; Octavian and Antony then managed to rule together for a good five years, during which Antony royally screwed up his marriage by having that famous affair with the last Pharoah of Egypt Cleopatra, for which Octavian declared war on him; after a few battles and a seige of Alexandria, Octavian forced Antony to commit suicide, which, invoking the domino effect, caused Cleopatra to do the same; though after their deaths, Octavian in a fit of regret or kindness allowed the two lovers to be buried together, furthermore he also adopted the children of Antony and Cleopatra, treating them like his own, though of course he had no compunction about killing Caesarion, the son of Cleopatra and Julius Caesar, obviously a rival claim to the rule of Rome. Oy. Back to Perusia, and their Juno—) Octavian successfully captured Perusia, by burning it to the ground (is that really "success"?), and legend has it that in his anger over the rebellion he had 300 of their top citizens taken and killed as human sacrifices to the new God Julius (Caesar), on, naturally enough, the Ides of March. Be that as it may, it is also said that Octavian had a dream telling him to bring the Juno of Perusia back with him to Rome so that Her worship might be tranferred to that city. Her temple was one of two buildings to have survived, along with that of Vulcan (or Sethlans, to use His proper Etruscan name). After the fire it is said that the people of Perusia (though there can't have been many left) turned away from Juno and transferred the protection of the city to Vulcan, supposedly because as a Fire-God He was expected to be able to prevent them; but it may also reflect the removal of their Juno to Rome by Octavian.

Though Octavian was supposed to have set up the cult of Juno Perusina in Rome, there are no records of Her worship there. She is sometimes equated by modern scholars with Juno Martialis, a war-like form of Juno, and accordingly called Juno Martialis Perusina.